which of the following statements is true about the tower of babel?ity.
when you meet a friend in the morning and say “吃早饭了吗” to him or her, what function of language are you using?
saussure's "langue" is simialr to chomsky's _______.
why do people like reading poems?
chomsky made the distinction between _______________.
as modern linguistics aims to describe and yze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for “correct” linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___________.
“i can refer to confucius even though he died 2000 years ago.” this shows that language has the design feature of __________.
by_______is meant the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.
when people use language to express attitudes, feelings and emotions, people are using the ____________function of language.
language is not only used to exchange information, it can also perform many other functions, such as to express emotions or to persuade others, etc.
_______studies the human speech organs and the way in which the speech sounds are produced.
how many types of syllables are mentioned in the lecture?
why is the example of george bernard shaw mentioned in the lecture?
what does “liaison” mean in phonetics?
which of the following is not r-linking?
which of the following makes an acceptable combination in english for the three letters b, s, u?
what is the proper way to pronounce the same sound linking, such as “kiss someone”?
how do we judge whether a sound is a vowel or a consonant?
which one is a closed syllable?
there are no principles or rules for the pronunciation of english words.
the speech organs you might use include 3 parts : nose, mouth, throat
there are in total______ vowels in english speech sounds. (numbers)
there are in total ______ consonants in english speech sounds. (numbers)
vowels can be ided into different catagories according to __________.
there are 5 triphthongs in english vowels.
the sound [a:] is an ______ back tense unrounded vowel.
the sound [i:] is a _____front tense unrounded vowel.
in phonetics, [p], [b] and [m] are called _________ sounds based on their place of articulation.
consonants, based on whether the vocal cords are vibrating in their production, can be classified into ________ consonants and voiceless consonants.
__________ is a voiced alveolar stop.
the sound /f/ is _________________.
the different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the ____ of that phoneme.
a phone is a phonetic unit that distinguishes meaning.
a phone is represented with “[]”, while a phoneme is represented with “//”.
a phone is a _____ unit, while a phoneme is a ______unit.
using the diacritics（标音符号）, _____________ transcription captures as many aspects of a specific pronunciation as possible and makes very subtle distinctions between sounds.
english phonemes areided into vowels and consonants. the distinction between the two lies in the obstruction of __________.
vowel sounds can be differentiated by a number of factors: the position of tongue in the mouth, the openness of the mouth, the shape of the lips, and the length of the vowels.
phonology is concerned with particular speech sounds in daily life.
two allophones occur in different phonetic environments and they complement each other in distribution, so they are in_____ ______.
how many consonants can the coda of a syllable contain?
“sea”is an open syllable.
the more prominent syllable is called a___syllable.
what does the word "whodunit" mean?
which branch of linguistics studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed?
which morpheme is not a bound one?
which affix is not an inflectional affix?
which morphemes are bound?
a root is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main meaning of the word. roots are always free.
which type of words expresses grammatical meanings?
which type of words has new members?
the allest meaning-bearing unit is a morpheme. how many morphemes are there in the word sunshine?
a derivational affix serves to derive a new word when it is added to another morpheme.
what is the term referring to words having more than one meaning?
in english, words usually have more than one meaning. there is no word which has only one meaning.
which language made the greatest impact upon the changes of english spelling?
what is the flemish way of english spelling?
which of the following words is formed by affixation?
which of the following words is formed by compounding?
which of the following words is formed by affixation?
which words are formed by blending?
which types of word forms become shorter?
the way to join two separate words to produce a single form is called compounding.
back-formation is an unusually abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an imagined affix from a longer form already in the language.
how many reasons are mentioned for words having more than one meaning?
which of the following is not influenced by its etymology?
which of the following statements is not true about the word “ball”?
which is not the factor influencing the changes of english spelling?
all letters were pronounced in old english.
all polysemy words have only one central or basic meaning.
what does the example “is everyone here” try to tell us?
in the example, the coach said “we didn’t play well today”. what is implied? it means “ .”
which of the following is not implied in “i haven’t eaten breakfast”?
what is the difference between “i didn’t eat breakfast” and “i haven’t eaten breakfast”?
what is implied in “i am writing a book”?
which of the following is grammatically correct but sounds strange?
“michael broke the window.” is more about what michael did, and “the window was broken by michael.” is more about what happened to the window.
which of the two sentences sounds more natural? a. if you play football on the road, a car may hit you. b. if you play football on the road, you may be hit by a car.
what is the major way to express tenses in english?
the present tense does not only mean what is true now. it can also refer to events in the past and the future.
the meaning of a sentence remains the same when it is changed from the active voice to the passive voice.
which of the two sentences sounds more natural? _____. a. you didn't receive the check? they must have delayed it in the mail. b. you didn't receive the check? it must have been delayed in the mail.
"politician" and "statean" differ in ______.
______ is the study of the linguistic meaning of words and sentences.
the absence of a word in a particular place in a lexical field is called _______.
the relationship between "tulip / flower" is ______.
the relationship between "married / single" is ______.
i bought some roses " ______ " i bought some flowers.
"can i borrow your bike?" ______ "you have a bike."
________ refers to the relation between a pair of sentences, in which the truth of the second sentence necessarily follows from both the truth and falsity of the first sentence.
what are language resources?
isolated sounds or letters do not have meaning.
what does “you are such a good friend!” mean?
what is pragmatics?
which of the following verbs is not often used in presupposition?
from this lesson, how many ways do people use language to serve their purposes?
which of the following sounds most polite?
when expressing meaning, we don’t just use language, we need additional information. match the term with its explanation. information about the speaker and hearer.
when expressing meaning, we don’t just use language, we need additional information. match the term with its explanation. information about the purpose.
_____ deals with how meaning was used and negotiated in the context.
_____ studies meaning isolated from context.
________is the act of speaker’s intention.
________is the effect of the utterance on the hearer.
sentences in which there is a miatch between the form and function are called _______.
there are basically 3 different sentence types:
(a): professor john’s lecture is so boring. (b): what a nice day! let’s go for a picnic. which maxim does (b) flout?
(a)-how did jimmy do his history exam? (b)-not very well. teachers asked him things that happened before he was born. which maxim does (b) flout?
whenever there is a direct relationship between a structure and a function, we have a direct speech act
according to grice, conversational implicature occurs when a maxim of cooperative principle is flouted.
chomsky put forward the cooperative principle.
the sentence structure is ________.
which of the following is not included in the three classes of syntactic relations?
morphology focus on the structure and ordering of components within a sentence.
the structural approach was started by the swiss linguist saussure.
which of the following is not included in the three classes of syntactic relations?
positional relations are also called _________.
relations of subsitutability are also called ___________.
immediate constituents analysis is a way to diantle a grammatical construction in________ .
when language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas, it serves a(n) _____ function.
in systemic functional grammar, three functions are_________.
in a clause, old information is called theme, while new information is called rheme.
immediate constituent ysis is the approach to ide the sentence into its immediate constituents by using binary cutting until obtaining its allest grammatical units.
ic ysis stands for image constituent ysis
________ construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or head.
the syntactic constructions can be ided into ______________.
how many tree diagrams could be used to yze the structure of sentence?
the play pygmalion was named after a greek myth.
chinese dialects differ in their_____.
the so-called internet hot words, or web buzzwords, can be viewed as part of a(n) ______.
what was the case of labov mentioned for?
dialects not only indicate _______difference but also suggest________ gaps in language.
non-standard language refers to the variety of a language assigned with the highest status in a country or state.
regional dialect is a variety of a language spoken in a specific geographic area.
in which of the following countries is english not used as an official language?
the language difference between england and scotland is called .
there is no absolute standard english.
in general, ____ speakers tend to use less hedges and tag questioms than their ____ counterparts with the same social background.
man interrupt more often to gain a floor than women.
in written, three most common language registers are________
halliday proposes three dimensions of ysis, they are ________
how many versions does sapir-whorf hypothesis have?
we can think while remaining conscious of our thinking process.
the reasom why there is only one word for camel in english while more than 400 words for camel in arabic is that our life environment influnces our language.
language influences how we perceive the things around us.
contemporary psycholinguistics mainly deals with such issues as______.
logically, language production contains three major steps: conceptualization, formulation, and_______.
formulation could be further ided into_______ and ________.
we don’t only perceive the things. what else do we also perceive?
which of the following scholars holds the view that "language system forms thought"?
according to lakoff and johnson, which of the following statements is not true?
how many metaphors are there in the sentence “my mother was a magician at stretching a dollar”?
tom is like a lion. 属于“明喻”。
chinese students often make some translation mistakes in english because of their different ways of metaphorical cognition.
audilingual teaching method stems from the behaviorist perspective.
对比分析的语言学基础为结构主义语言学，代表人物为bloomfield等
for behaviorists, children learn their first language through ___.
加拿大学者george siemens和stephen downes开设了第一门真正的mooc课程：connectivi and connective knowledge online course（cck08）。mooc这一词最早被提出是在哪一年
part i: choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
part ii: the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
part iii： the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
part iv: listening comprehension: in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
corporate culture corporate culture is described as the (1) _____________ of an organization, and guides how employees think, act, and feel.
it includes core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. it can be expressed in the company’s mission (2) _____________ and other communications,
in the architectural style or interior (3) _____________ of offices, and in the titles given to various employees. corporate culture affects you in many ways.
for instance: l the (4) __________ __________ per day, per week.
the (5) __________ __________, including employee interaction, competition degree, etc.
the (6) __________ __________, including the accepted styles of attire, etc.
the (7) __________ __________ you get, including cubicles, window offices, etc.
the (8) __________ __________ development.
onsite perks, such as break room, play room, etc. l the (9) __________ __________ outside the office.
(10) _____________ with other employers.
part ii. passage (shadowing and gist) directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. what does the speaker really describe in the speech?
irections: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. how do specialists comment on this study method?
directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. how effectively can the average person learn during sleep as in the same period during the day?
directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. what does sleep-teaching do?
directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. what did the student have to do for another three hours before having breakfast?
part iii. news (shadowing and gist) a. directions: listen to the news item and complete the following summary. this news item is about .
directions: listen to the news item and choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. opposition parties are demanding after a violent protest over voting problems tuesday.
there were at least killed and injured during the voting.
people at more than 100 voting places .
show the ruling general people’s congress party in the lead.
part i (note-taking) directions: listen to a talk about light and health. take notes and complete the following summary. can light affect your health? many researchers believe that light can affect both your physical and your （1） .
from daylight, our bodies absorb vitamin d through the skin. certain skin diseases also （2） from exposure to sunlight.
light absorbed through the eye can stimulate hormone production, which in turn （3） our mood.
some people become （4） in winter, when the days are dark and most people spend less time in the open air.
when spring comes, these （5） disappear. researchers have called this condition sad -- seasonal affective depression.
the condition can be （6） by exposing patients to special lights, known as full-spectrum lights.
this lighting has also been used to treat patients （7） from jet-lag, to improve learning in school-children in russia and america,
and the （8） of japanese factory workers
young people need at least fifteen minutes a day in real daylight in summer （9） in winter.
old people, who risk vitamin d deficiency, should spend even longer exposed to （10） daylight.
peak performances - moments when children (1) that's in them -
are the stuff of every parent's (2) .
and yet most of us have seen a report card or heard a trumpet solo that (3)
what our kids can (4) .
why can some boys and girls repeatedly pull themselves to the (5)
while others of equal or (6) cannot?
many parents assume skill is pretty much determined by (7)
the student with the highest i.q. will get the best grades, or the athlete with the most prowess will (8) .
genes (9) in determining performance, but they're not everything.
the edge comes from mental attitude, character and (10) .
there are some simple ways for parents to help their youngsters develop those (11)
find something to praise. a child who feels good about himself (12)
assess your child's (13)
encourage self-applause. knowing how to relax is key to (14) .
a good report card (15) near your daughter's mirror reminds
her that she can do well and (16) to repeat her success.
there are no (17) to bringing your child to do his best.
it's a (18) of support, encouragement and hard work.
and those efforts (19) not only in peak performance
not only in peak performance but also in (20) between parent and child.
news item from voa, bbc and cri part i directions: listen to the news item and complete the following passage. creating a classroom environment that treats women and men equally is important for the educational success of students. however ____1______ equality does not stop with the teacher.
it is also important that the ____2______ used are supporting _____3_____ treatment.
in fact, many classroom materials, especially those that are older, may contain gender bias in _____4_____, photos, or words.
these materials can include textbooks, _____5_____, reading materials, written assignments, or even test materials.
having students use materials like these in class can reinforce _____6_____ about gender roles in society.
classroom materials that reinforce gender stereotypes can ____7______ students,
weaken their motivation and limit their overall _____8_____ performance.
this can result in fewer opportunities available to students when they finish their schooling. research has found that stereotypes and gender bias in english language materials do _____9_____.
several studies by the united nations educational, scientific, and cultural organization, or unesco, have found that some texts ____10______ women, contain stereotypes about women or offensive comments about women.
in addition, research has found that _____11_____ in teaching materials
often show a male _____12_____.
one study on high school english language textbooks in iran found that male characterizations were used as much as _____13_____ of the time.
one study on high school english language textbooks in iran found that male characterizations were used as much as _____13_____ % of the time.（请填写数字）
the first step is to understand how to identify gender bias in textbooks. examine the image below. these images were taken from an english language textbook. what do you notice about how the men and women are being _____14_____?
in this image there are six people, four men and two women, shown in different jobs. the men pictured include a construction worker, a doctor, a police officer, and a truck driver. the women shown include a farm worker and a food store employee. this image shows men and women in _____15____ jobs in two ways.
first, male representation is double that of female. second, the men generally are working in higher-level, more economically powerful jobs. now look at a short reading activity from an actual english language textbook. what do you notice about the ________ of men and women in the example?
part ii directions: listen to the news item and complete the following passage. a new report says about ___1__ people
a day have been forced to __2__ their homes in african conflict
and __3__ zones.
figures show that more than __4__ people in africa are internally displaced. （请填文字）
nearly __5___left their homes last year.（请填文字）
part iii directions: listen to the news item and complete the following passage. britain's most prestigious ___1___art award,
the turner prize have been won by an art professor who was born in zanzibar, lubaina himid. judges __2___ her work
which explored the african diaspora and black ___3__.
professor himid is the first black woman and the oldest person to win the__4__.
part i listening to a song directions: listen and fill in the blanks with the missing information. although (1) __________ has always been a friend of mine.
i'm leaving my life in your (2) __________.
people say i'm (3) __________
and that i am (4) __________.
risking it (5) __________ in a glance.
how you got me blind is still a (6) __________.
i can't get you out of my (7) __________
don't care what is written in your (8) __________.
as long as you're (9) __________ with me. i don't care who you are. where you're from. what you did.
why did mr. power ask mr. hanson to call later?
why should the report be photocopied in the morning?
why was mr. power especially displeased about miss davis’s call to her boyfriend?
what do you think of miss wright?
what can you learn from the dialogue?
（dialogue 2:6-10）why has laura come to the office?
who is miss davis?
when do people in the finance section start work?
what do you know about linda?
why does linda feel a little nervous today?
(dialogue 3:１１－１５) why did the woman come to complain to the manager?
what excuse did the manager make for the problems?
what did the manager promise to do?
what do you know abut the hotel?
what does the dialogue mainly tell us?
part ii passages directions: you're going to hear three short passages. each will be read twice. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. choose the best answer to each question. (2 points for each) passage 1 which of the following is true according to the passage?
which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
passage 2 （１８－２０）why did the artly dressed man come to the jewelry shop one day?
which of the following was of no importance to the man?
what did the old lady take to the jewelry shop?
how much did the shop lose in the deal?
passage 3 （２２－２５） which of the following is not necessary for a young man who wants to drive alone?
what must a person do in the driving test?
which of the following is mentioned in the passage?